Chemical peels have long been a staple of dermatology and aesthetic medicine for their ability to exfoliate, renew, and rejuvenate the skin. By using specific acids to remove the outer layers of the skin, chemical peels can improve texture, tone, and overall complexion. One of the most commonly used and well-studied agents in this category is glycolic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) known for its effectiveness and safety.
Chemical peels have a long history in dermatology and aesthetics
What are chemical peels?
Chemical peels are cosmetic treatments that involve applying a chemical solution to the skin to induce controlled exfoliation. This process removes damaged or dead skin cells, stimulates cellular turnover, and promotes the growth of new, healthier skin. Peels can be categorised by depth:
Superficial peels (e.g., glycolic acid 20%) target the epidermis
Medium-depth peels reach the upper dermis
Deep peels penetrate the mid-to-lower dermis
Glycolic acid 20% is considered a superficial peel, making it suitable for patients seeking mild rejuvenation with minimal downtime.
Glycolic acid peels
Glycolic acid, derived from sugar cane, is the smallest and most penetrative of the AHAs. Its small molecular size allows it to effectively exfoliate the uppermost layer of the skin, improving dullness, uneven texture, and pigmentation.
A 20% glycolic acid peel is often used in clinical and aesthetic settings for patients looking to address early signs of ageing, acne, or photo-damage without the risks associated with deeper peels.
Glycolic acid 20% peel
How does Glycolic acid peel work?
Glycolic acid peels work by lowering the pH of the skin, which disrupts the bonds between dead skin cells (corneocytes) in the stratum corneum. This process leads to:
Desquamation: Shedding of the outermost skin cells
Stimulation of fibroblasts: Promoting collagen and elastin synthesis
Enhanced cell turnover: Bringing fresh, new cells to the surface
The result is smoother, brighter, and more even-toned skin. Depending on the concentration and duration of application, glycolic acid can also help reduce fine lines, mild pigmentation, and acne lesions.
Benefits of Glycolic Acid Peels
Glycolic acid peels offer several cosmetic and dermatological benefits, especially at 20% strength:
Improves skin texture and tone
Reduces mild hyperpigmentation and sun damage
Minimizes the appearance of fine lines
Unclogs pores and reduces acne
Enhances skin hydration by improving barrier function
Promotes even skin tone and radiance
Since 20% is a moderate superficial peel, it offers visible results with minimal peeling or downtime, making it ideal for individuals with busy lifestyles.
Skin Conditions Treated by Glycolic Acid Peels
Glycolic acid peels are versatile and can be used to treat various skin concerns, including:
Mild to moderate acne
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Melasma
Photoaging (fine lines and rough texture)
Dull or congested skin
Keratosis pilaris
Uneven skin tone
It is especially beneficial for oily and acne-prone skin, thanks to its ability to exfoliate and regulate sebum production.
The Science of Glycolic Acid Peels
The efficacy of glycolic acid peels is supported by decades of dermatological research. The key mechanisms of action include:
Keratolytic effect: Glycolic acid weakens desmosomes (cell connections), leading to exfoliation.
Collagen synthesis stimulation: Penetration into the papillary dermis stimulates fibroblasts and increases type I and III collagen.
Anti-inflammatory action: Reduces local inflammation in acne-prone skin.
Improved barrier function: Enhances the skin’s natural hydration retention by stimulating the production of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
Studies have shown that regular glycolic acid treatments can lead to significant histological improvement in epidermal thickness, collagen density, and pigmentation irregularities over time.
What to expect with Glycolic acid peel treatment
The process is simple, fuss-free and takes ~15- 20 minutes!
1
Skin is cleansed
2
Glycolic 20% is applied in layers to the treatment area
3
Neutraliser is applied to stop the chemical reaction
Post peel care: avoid sun exposure, moisturise, and use recovery skincare Expect mild redness and flaking for 2-3 days, with results seen in 5-7 days
Treatments related to Glycolic acid peels
A typical treatment protocol involves a series of 4–6 glycolic acid 20% peels spaced 2–4 weeks apart, depending on skin tolerance and treatment goals.
Glycolic acid peels can be used alone or in combination with other in-clinic treatments for enhanced outcomes:
With Hydrafacial for optimal exfoliation and reduction in sebum production
With lasers (in alternating sessions) for acne scars, pigmentation or ageing
Chemical peels pair well with Hydrafacials and lasers
Treatment areas for Glycolic acid peels
Typical treatment areas include:
1
Face
2
Jawline and neck area
3
Arms
4
Back (for back acne)
Is Glycolic acid peel right for you?
A 20% glycolic acid peel is suitable for most skin types, particularly:
Oily, combination, or acne-prone skin
Skin showing early signs of ageing
Dull or rough-textured skin
Mild to moderate pigmentation issues
However, it may not be recommended for individuals with:
Very sensitive or reactive skin (e.g., rosacea, eczema)
Active skin infections or open wounds
Price of chemical peel by therapist at Bay Aesthetics Clinic and Medispa
Off peak: $88 nett
First trial $180 nett
With over 10 years of experience in aesthetic treatments, Dr Hoe Ying Min serves as the Medical Director at Bay Aesthetics Clinic. She has extensive hands-on experience in lasers, injectables, body-shaping and skin-rejuvenation procedures, and is known for her careful, personalised approach that aims for natural-looking outcomes.
Bay Aesthetics Clinic and Medispa is a doctor-led clinic located in the Marina Bay Financial Centre that delivers medical aesthetics and medispa treatments in a calm, professional setting. With a focus on safety, visible results and accessibility, the team uses only US FDA and HSA-approved technology, applies a holistic view to beauty and wellness, and avoids hard-selling or pressure tactics.
Open from 11 am daily (until 8 pm Mon-Fri; 6 pm Sat/Sun) and conveniently situated within walking distance of two MRT stations
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B2-12 Marina Bay Link Mall, 8A Marina Boulevard, Marina Bay Financial Center, Singapore 018984
